Linguistics and Culture Review

Development of English teaching materials using the ADDIE Model at ITB STIKOM Bali

I Wayan Suryasa, I Gede Putu Adhitya Prayoga — Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of effective teaching materials is essential to support English language learning in higher education, particularly for students in technology-oriented programs. This study aimed to develop English teaching materials using the ADDIE instructional design model for first-semester students at ITB STIKOM Bali. A developmental research approach was employed following the five stages of the ADDIE model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The teaching materials were delivered through multimedia-based PowerPoint presentations integrating reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to information technology contexts. Students’ performance was evaluated using a five-scale rubric covering organization, vocabulary and grammar, fluency, and body language. The results indicated a mean overall score of 3.78, with 87.5% of students achieving at least a moderate level of performance. Student feedback further revealed that 90.6% of participants provided positive responses toward the teaching materials. These findings suggest that the ADDIE model offers a systematic and effective framework for developing English teaching materials in higher education settings.

A linguistic landscape study of texts on billboard signs in Padang, West Sumatra

Melati Theresia, Ketut Artawa, I Wayan Mulyawan, I Wayan Simpen — Sat, 25 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to analyze texts found on billboards in the city of Padang, West Sumatra. The presentation of the analysis results of billboard text types follows the systematic analysis of text types proposed by Opi?owski and Makowski (2023). This research used a qualitative descriptive approach using secondary data as its source. Sampling was conducted via random sampling to ensure a diverse data representation. In data collection, the non-participant observation method was used, with documentation through photography of billboards distributed at the research location. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques to identify and classify the types of texts that emerged. The results of the research show that eleven types of texts were identified on the billboards, namely: orientation, regulatory, commercial, identity, educational, political, artistic, alerting, commemorative, protest, and combination. The combination texts on billboards refers to the use of two or more types of texts within a single medium to convey a message more effectively.

Deconstructing the aesthetics of Balinese women's identity in tourism digital magazine advertisements

Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper examines the phenomenon of the deconstruction of Balinese women's identity in tourism digital magazine advertisements through the perspective of commodity aesthetics. The massive development of the digital tourism industry has shifted the visual paradigm from authentic local beauty representations to global beauty constructions for the sake of the market. The main objective of this research is to dismantle the visual mechanism of identity deconstruction and analyze the shift of cultural use value (Taksu) to aesthetic exchange value in the digital media ecosystem. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive-analytical approach through the Art Assessment approach. The analysis method used integrates the theory of Visual Communication Design, Roland Barthes' Semiotics, and Wolfgang Fritz Haug's commodity aesthetics. The data was collected through observations on digital magazine platforms such as Bali and Beyond and The Yak, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that identity deconstruction is carried out through a structured commodity aesthetic mechanism, namely the physical features of local women manipulated through digital imaging techniques to approach Western beauty standards (Westernization).

Exploring Tamil–Korean linguistic parallels: A computational and historical analysis of possible Pre-Hangul contact

Sat, 09 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates potential linguistic parallels between the Dravidian language Tamil and the Koreanic language Korean, evaluating whether observed similarities may reflect typological convergence, lexical coincidence, or indirect historical contact through maritime trade networks before the creation of Hangul in 1443 CE. The analysis compares phonological systems, consonant–vowel organization, morphological features, orthographic (letter stroke) patterns, and lexical correspondences, while applying computational string-similarity metrics to a dataset of 100 Korean–Tamil vocabulary pairs. Phonological inventories and historical script forms were compiled from established linguistic sources. Lexical similarity was measured using six computational models: Damerau–Levenshtein distance, Jaro similarity, Longest Common Subsequence (LCS), Cosine similarity, Jaccard similarity, and Ratcliff–Obershelp similarity. Hierarchical clustering (UPGMA) was employed to classify similarity levels among lexical pairs. The analysis produced the following scores: 0.5736 (Damerau–Levenshtein), 0.2255 (Jaro), 0.6001 (LCS), 0.4683 (Cosine), 0.3441 (Jaccard), and 0.5716 (Ratcliff–Obershelp), yielding an overall average similarity of approximately 56% across the dataset. Clustering results further identified groups of high, moderate, and low similarity. Both languages exhibit typological features commonly associated with agglutinative systems, including suffix-based morphology, Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order, and consonant–vowel syllable organization, as well as limited resemblances in orthographic stroke patterns.

Prototypical and non-prototypical insertional code-mixing in Balinese Wayang Cenk-Blonk

Putu Devi Maharani, Ketut Artawa, Made Sri Satyawati, Luh Putu Laksminy — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the phenomenon of code-mixing insertion types in dialogues between characters in Wayang Cenk-Blonk performance, using the code-mixing typology framework proposed by Pieter Muysken. The primary focus of the study is to identify prototypical and non-prototypical insertion patterns that emerge in Balinese multilingual practices, as represented in these modern shadow puppet performances. The research data were analyzed qualitatively, emphasizing the relationship between syntactic structure, morphological integration, and pragmatic tendencies in code-mixing events. The results indicate that prototypical insertion patterns are found in the form of inserting lexical elements from another language into the grammatical structure of the matrix language, as explained in Muysken's classical theory. Furthermore, morphological integration patterns are also found in the form of the use of matrix language affixes on lexical elements of embedded language. This study also found non-prototypical forms that classification in the grey area, cannot be fully explained by the categories of insertion, alternation, or congruent lexicalization in Muysken's typology. There are 3 patterns found: Pragmatically Grounded Insertion (PAI), Multilayered Lexical Integrated (MLI), and Embedded-Language Morphological Control (ELMC).