The throwing modification sports game in improving mild mental disabled student gross motoric skills

Ramdan Pelana; Nadya Dwi Oktafiranda; Rizka Antoni; Yusmawati Yusmawati; Sujarwo Sujarwo

doi:10.21744/lingcure.v5nS3.1819

Authors

Ramdan Pelana
ramdanpelana@unj.ac.id
Sports Science Study Program, Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Nadya Dwi Oktafiranda Sports Science Study Program, Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Rizka Antoni Sports Science Study Program, Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Yusmawati Physical Education Study Program, Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Sujarwo Physical Education Study Program, Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia

Keywords:

game modification, gross motoric, mental disabled, motoric skills, sports game

Abstract

This study aims to improve gross motor skills by modifying the sport of throwing. Children of intellectual disability (ID) were given treatment with a modification of the game of throwing with the population of this study is mild mentally disabled students in special needs children school 01 South Jakarta, with sample selection using total sampling, where the sample was 14 boys of students and 6 girls of students. The method that is used in this research is quantitative descriptive with experiment and One Group Pretest–Posttest Design. The research was occurred by giving the preliminary test and continued with the treatment as the final test. The form of the initial test (pre-test) was a shooting test which was conducted with five times of shooting in 2 meters of distance expecting there is an increase of throwing from the pretest to the posttest. The data analysis technique used is by using the T-test. The data average result before the game modification or pretest is 2.35 and the results of the posttest obtained an average value of 3.30.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alaunyte, I., Stojceska, V., & Plunkett, A. (2015). Iron and the female athlete: a review of dietary treatment methods for improving iron status and exercise performance. Journal of the international society of sports nutrition, 12(1), 1-7.

Apriyanto, N. (2012). Seluk Beluk Tunagrahita dan Strategi Pembelajarannya. Jogjakarta: Javalitera.

Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. F. (2017). General, target, and accessible population: Demystifying the concepts for effective sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607.

Beuchat-Mamie, S., Sperisen, N., Molnar, P., & Koçer, S. (2018). Activité physique et cancer. Praxis.

Bompa, T. O. (1999). Periodization Training: Theory and Methodology-4th: Theory and Methodology-4th. Human Kinetics publishers.

Delphie, B. (2006). Pembelajaran anak tunagrahita.

Edwards, J., Jeffrey, S., May, T., Rinehart, N. J., & Barnett, L. M. (2017). Does playing a sports active video game improve object control skills of children with autism spectrum disorder?. Journal of sport and health science, 6(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2016.09.004

Gabbard, C., & Miller, G. (1987). Intermediate School Game Curriculum: A Balance of the Traditional and the Contemporary. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 58(6), 66-71.

Giagazoglou, P., Arabatzi, F., Dipla, K., Liga, M., & Kellis, E. (2012). Effect of a hippotherapy intervention program on static balance and strength in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Research in developmental disabilities, 33(6), 2265-2270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.07.004

Golubovi?, Š., Maksimovi?, J., Golubovi?, B., & Glumbi?, N. (2012). Effects of exercise on physical fitness in children with intellectual disability. Research in developmental disabilities, 33(2), 608-614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.11.003

Guidetti, L., Franciosi, E., Gallotta, M. C., Emerenziani, G. P., & Baldari, C. (2010). Could sport specialization influence fitness and health of adults with mental retardation?. Research in developmental disabilities, 31(5), 1070-1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.04.002

Kalynychenko, I. A., Latina, H. O., Kopytina, Y. M., Protsenko, I. I., & Ivanii, I. V. (2021). Formation of professional-pedagogical culture of future specialists of physical culture and sports specialties. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(S3), 396-410. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5nS3.1540

Lumintuarso, R. (2011). Peralatan Olahrgaa Anak untuk Pengembangan Multilateral [Children's Sports Equipment for Multilateral Development]. Yogyakarta: Sinar Offset Jogjakarta

Macías, T. M. D., Meza, A. K. T., Garcia, B. B. B., & Bozada, M. A. T. (2018). Characterization of Physical and Motor Disability at the Technical University of Manabí: Its Relationship with Resilience. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 5(2), 1-8. Retrieved from https://sloap.org/journals/index.php/irjmis/article/view/33

Matson, J. L., & Shoemaker, M. (2009). Intellectual disability and its relationship to autism spectrum disorders. Research in developmental disabilities, 30(6), 1107-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2009.06.003

Matson, J. L., Rivet, T. T., Fodstad, J. C., Dempsey, T., & Boisjoli, J. A. (2009). Examination of adaptive behavior differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30(6), 1317-1325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2009.05.008

Munir, Kaosar, R. N., Rasim, Murtadha, I., Shahbodin, F., & Riza, L. S. (2021). Expert system using the educational game to determine children’s autism levels using forward chaining. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(S1), 1149-1172. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5nS1.1499

Notoatmodjo, S. (2005). Metodologi penelitian kesehatan cetakan ketiga. Jakarta. PT. Rineka Cipta.

Nyandra, M., Kartiko, B.H., Susanto, P.C., Supriyati, A., Suryasa, W. (2018). Education and training improve quality of life and decrease depression score in elderly population. Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 13(2), 371-377.

Peter, V. F. (2015). Relationship among culture, education and sports. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 2(11), 38-42. Retrieved from https://sloap.org/journals/index.php/irjmis/article/view/326

Pratama, G. N. I. P., & Suparman, S. (2019). Peningkatan Keterampilan Mengajar Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Sipil Dan Perencanaan, Ft, Uny Melalui Metode Drill Berbasis Komunikasi Verbal-Non Verbal. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Sipil, 1(1).

Pratt, H. D., & Greydanus, D. E. (2007). Intellectual disability (mental retardation) in children and adolescents. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, 34(2), 375-386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2007.04.010

Prawati, R. (2015). PENGARUH OLAHRAGA PERMAINAN REKREATIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN GERAK DASAR MANIPULATIF (MENENDANG) SISWA TUNAGRAHITA RINGAN (Studi pada Siswa Kelas 5 dan 6 Sekolah Dasar Alpa Kumara Wardana II Surabaya). Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan, 3(2).

Putri, W. U., & Purnomo, E. (2013). Strategi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Adaptif Bagi Murid Berkebutuhan Khusus di Sekolah Luar Biasa C. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa, 2(7).

Savazzi, F., Isernia, S., Jonsdottir, J., Di Tella, S., Pazzi, S., & Baglio, F. (2018). Design and implementation of a Serious Game on neurorehabilitation: data on modifications of functionalities along implementation releases. Data in brief, 20, 864-869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.08.100

Schalock, R. L. (2004). The emerging disability paradigm and its implications for policy and practice. Journal of disability policy studies, 14(4), 204-215.

Smith, P. K. (2016). Children’s play, learning and development.

Sugiyono, P. DR.(2007).“Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D”. CV. Pustaka Setia. Bandung.

Suparno, S. (2007). Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus [Education for Children with Special Needs]. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.

Utari, Y. I. (2015). Upaya Meningkatkan Gerak Dasar Lokomotor Anak Tunagrahita Ringan Melalui Permainan Tradisional (Pada Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa Tunas Mulya Surabaya). Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan, 3(2).

Westendorp, M., Houwen, S., Hartman, E., & Visscher, C. (2011). Are gross motor skills and sports participation related in children with intellectual disabilities?. Research in developmental disabilities, 32(3), 1147-1153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.01.009

Whitebread, D., Basilio, M., Kuvalja, M., & Verma, M. (2012). The importance of play. Toy Industries of Europe, 1-55.

Widianto, F. T. (2012). Keterampilan Gerak Dasar Anak Tuna Grahita Ringan. Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation, 1(1).

Wilson, C. (2019). The translation applied in intersemiotic study. Applied Translation, 13(1), 9–15. Retrieved from https://appliedtranslation.nyc/index.php/journal/article/view/45

Zhang, B., Dong, Y., Zhang, H., & Pedrycz, W. (2020). Consensus mechanism with maximum-return modifications and minimum-cost feedback: A perspective of game theory. European Journal of Operational Research, 287(2), 546-559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.04.014